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EQUIPMENTS AND RAW MATERIALS || QUALITY ASSURANCE

  EQUIPMENTS AND RAW MATERIALS EQUIPMENTS The pharmaceutical industry makes use of different equipment at each stage of the manufacturing of drug products.  Equipment used may be a single piece - such as a weighing machine, or a granulator or a group of equipment working in a process to deliver a single outcome such as a purified water system. The ingredients of a formulation come into intimate contact with the equipment at every step.  Naturally, the quality of this equipment plays a major role in determining the quality of the final products.  Equipment must be designed and constructed in a manner that prevents contamination or any other adverse impact on the drug material. Design and Construction Equipment must be designed and constructed to suit the purpose of its use.  The material of construction must be adequate to the nature of processing to be undertaken.  Equipment surfaces that come into contact with drug product must not be additive, r...
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Sterilization

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  Sterilization Sterilization is the complete removal of microorganisms from an object or surfaces. Sterilization is obtained when microorganisms are subjected to antimicrobial agents for sufficient time and at optimum conditions. Sterilization is a process of eradicating live microorganisms from substances. It is done to preserve things for a long time and kill germs. If something is not sterilized, it may cause infection to those who use it. Therefore, it should not be taken for granted. There are several methods of sterilization, including: Physical methods of sterilization Some physical methods associated with sterilization are explained below: Heat Sterilization: Heat sterilization is the most effective and widely used method of sterilization, where the bactericidal activity results through the destruction of enzymes and other essential cell constituents. This method of sterilization is applicable to thermostabl...
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